Social challenges need social innovation for solutions. Transition management is a governance approach for collective engagement to achieve sustainability development objectives. Knowledge is a dynamic process continually reproduced and recreated by the social processes of interaction and practice. People learn for the gaps in their current and goal states, and claim knowledge. The paper outlines a methodology that a student educates himself irrespective of the economic situation.

Keywords: Knowledge, students, university, innovation

La présente étude portant sur la caractérisation pétrographique et sédimentologique des grès d'âge paléogène du bassin de Termit (Niger oriental), a pour objectif général de déterminer les environnements de dépôts des grès d'âge paléogène du bassin de Termit. Elle a pour objectifs spécifiques : (1) de déterminer la composition minéralogique de la formation ; (2) d'identifier les structures sédimentaires qui caractérisent les milieux de dépôts. La méthodologie mise en oeuvre est basée sur la description pétrographique et minéralogique des échantillons de carottes et les lames minces issues de ses carottes......

In order to prevent shallow-seated instability and erosion on slopes, bio-engineering techniques are used, either alone or in combination with non-living plant materials and civil engineering structures. Plants have long been used to defend against soil erosion and stabilize slopes. It is the application of biological, mechanical, and ecological principles to stabilize slopes, protect soil, and minimize or control erosion using plants or a combination of vegetation and building materials. For landslide mitigation, bioengineering methods are frequently combined with civil and social engineering. Bioengineering is a technique of choice to control soil erosion, slope failure, landslides, and debris flows, and thereby to help minimize the occurrence of floods and flash floods.......

Keywords: Bio-engineering, slope failure, soil erosion, vegetation, slope stabilization

Slums accommodate the majority of the population of urban centres in developing countries and it is estimated to be home to over 800million people. Slum development is caused by urbanhousing problem, rapid urbanization and the inability of government to supply affordable housing to her citizens. In Nigeria, the urban housing problem basically relates to quantitative and qualitative inadequacy, with the former speeding up the later. This research studies five selected slum neighbourhoods in Umuahia with the aim of developing a model for improving housing conditions in the urban slums in Umuahia........

Keywords: slum development, affordable housing, alternative building materials, earth blocks.