The dielectric parameters of liquids and solids are measured by using X-band Microwave bench manually. Hence, personal computer (PC) based automatic measurement technique is used for accurate measurement of the dielectric parameters. PC based stepper motor moves the plunger in liquid cell or to the probe in slotted section of the microwave bench. X-band Microwave bench at 10.95GHz is used. The sampled signal is fed into the instrumentation amplifier . A 12-bit analog-to-digital converter, designed for use in an integrated technology This technique is used to give the maximum accuracy for the measurement of the position of standing wave voltage minima and determine the wave length of the electromagnetic wave in the wave guide filled with air(𝜆g /2) or dielectric sample (𝜆𝑑/2). Further accuracy of this technique can be increased when the stepper motor is operated in micro stepping mode.

Key words:  ADC interfacing card, Instrumentation Amplifier, microwave bench, PC, stepper motor.

[1] Mandeep Singh, Rekha & Balwinder Singh :International Journal of computer science & communication Vol. 1, No. 1, January-June 2010, pp. 189-191
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[6] DYNALOG[INDIA] LIMITED PCL-812 Enhanced Multi-function Card with AD-DA/DIO/TC User's Manual
[7] DYNALOG[INDIA] LIMITED PCLD-789D Amplifier/Multiplexer Board User's Manual
[8] E. Balguruswamy: Programming in ANSI C, TMH, New Delhi, 1999.
[9] Y.P. Kanetkar: Let Us C, BPB Publications, New Delhi, 1999.
[10] M. Kulkarni, Microwave and Radar Engineering, Third Edition, Umesh Publication, 2004-2005, pp 274276

Major Cloud computing companies have started to integrate frameworks for parallel data processing in their product portfolio, making it easy for customers to access these services and to deploy their programs. However the processing frameworks which are currently used have been designed for static, homogeneous cluster setups and disregard the particular nature of a cloud. Consequently, the allocated computer resources may be inadequate for big parts of the submitted job and unnecessarily may increase processing time and cost. We discuss here the opportunities and challenges for efficient parallel data processing in clouds and present our research project Nephele. Particular tasks of a processing job can be assigned to different types of virtual machines which are automatically instantiated and terminated during the job execution. Based on this new framework, we perform extended evaluations of Map Reduce-inspired processing jobs on an IaaS cloud system and compare the results to the popular data processing framework Hadoop.

Keywords –   Many-Task Computing, High-Throughput Computing, Loosely Coupled Applications, Cloud

[1] Amazon Web Services LLC, "Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)," http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/, 2009.
[2] Amazon Web Services LLC, "Amazon Elastic MapReduce," http://aws.amazon.com/elasticmapreduce/, 2009.
[3] Amazon Web Services LLC, "Amazon Simple Storage Service, "http://aws.amazon.com/s3/, 2009.
[4] D. Battre´, S. Ewen, F. Hueske, O. Kao, V. Markl, and D. Warneke, "Nephele/PACTs: A Programming Model and Execution Framework for Web-Scale Analytical Processing," Proc. ACM Symp. Cloud Computing (SoCC '10), pp. 119-130, 2010.
[5] R. Chaiken, B. Jenkins, P.-A. Larson, B. Ramsey, D. Shakib, S. Weaver, and J. Zhou, "SCOPE: Easy and Efficient Parallel Processing of Massive Data Sets," Proc. Very Large Database Endowment, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1265-1276, 2008.

The large increase in number of automobiles in recent years has resulted in great demand for petroleum products. With crude oil reserves estimated to last only for few decades. Many countries import more crude oil causes huge foreign exchange out-go on the one hand and increasing exhaust emission on the other. Therefore there has been an active search for alternate fuels like biodiesel to provide a suitable diesel substitute for internal combustion engines. The Rubber seed oil based bio-diesel offer a very promising alternative to diesel. The acid value for Rubber Seed oil is high. Two step esterification i.e acid catalyzed esterification followed by alkaline catalyzed transesterification is developed to produce biodiesel from high FFA Rubber Seed Oil. The engine fueled with diesel and blends of Rubber seed oil based bio-diesel. The objective of the present study is investigating the use of blends of Rubber seed oil based bio-diesel on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine compared to that of diesel. Engine performance with biodiesel does not differ greatly from that of diesel fuel. The experimental results proved that the use of Rubber seed oil based biodiesel is viable alternative to diesel.

Key words:   Rubber seed oil, FFA, Blend, Engine performance, Exhaust Emissions.

[1] O.E. Ikwuagwu et al. Production of biodiesel using rubber [Hevea brasiliensis] seed oil. Elsevier (2000)
[2] A.S. Ramadhas et al; "Performance and emission evaluationof a diesel engine fueled with methyl esters of rubber seed oil", Science Direct, 2005.
[3] Potential use of Malaysian rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed as food, feed and biofuel, International Food Research Journal (2010)
[4] Performance Emission and Evaluation of Rubber seed oil in Diesel Engine, Natural Product Radiance,2006
[5] Production of Biodiesel from Non-edible plant oils having high FFA content. M.Mathiyazhagan1 et al ,
[6] A. Demirbas, "Biodiesel fuels from vegetable oils via catalytic and noncatalytic supercritical alcohol transesterifications and other methods: asurvey." Energy Convers Manage, , 2003.
[7] P. K. Srivastava, and M. Verma, "Methyl ester of karanja oil as an Alternative renewable source energy." Fuel, 2008.
[8] V. G. Shashikant, and H. Raheman, "Process optimization for biodiesel production from mahua (Madhuca indica) oil using response surface methodology." Bioresource Technology, 2006.
[9] V. G. Shashikant, and H. Raheman, "Biodiesel production from mahua oil having high free fatty acids." Biomass and Bioenergy, 2005.
[10] M. Di Serio, R. Tesser, M. Dimiccoli, F. Cammarota, M. Nastasi, and E.Santacesaria, "Synthesis of biodiesel via homogeneous Lewis

Shifting cultivation or slash and burn agriculture (locally called as jhum) is one of the main form of agriculture in the hills of Tripura. In view of the mountainous terrain, settled cultivation constitutes only in a portion of the total cultivated land, which is mostly confined to the valley lands and plain lands. In order to meet the growing food demand, the jhum cycle (the intervening period between two successive slashes) got shortened which resulted in the overall decrease of crop yield. Today the scientists view shifting cultivation as environmentally destructive and a faulty land use practice having very low output-input ratio. So the local tribes are being educated on the curse side of this old practice at Government level and by different local NGOs'. This paper describes the status and change in shifting cultivation in one of the hill ranges of Tripura, called Baramura-Deutamura hill range, using GIS and Remote Sensing technique.

Keywords:   GIS, Remote Sensing, Jhum, Baramura-Deutamura hill range, Burn Agriculture.

[1] Myung-Hee JO, 1994." An Analysis of Shifting Cultivation Areas in Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR, Using Satellite Imagery and Geographic Information Systems", Journal of the Korean Society of Remote Sensing,10(1), pp.43-53.
[2] Myung-Hee Jo, 1993. "Preparation Of Thematic Maps for Nam Khane Watershed Management in Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR, Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, Geographical Review, Kyung PookNationaluniv., Vol. 12-13 pp. 101-108.
[3] Chaudhary, R.G, Dwivedi, R.N., Dutta, K.K., Sarma, B.K., Patel, C.S. & Prasad, R.N. 1993. Rice based farming of Apatani - an efficient indigenous system of hill farming. Indian Journal of Hill Farming. 6:93-102. Banai, R. K., 1989. A new method for site suitability analysis: The analytic hierarchy process. Environment Management, 6, 685-693.
[4] Brady, Nyle. "Alternatives to slash-and-burn: a global imperative." Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment. Vol. 58 (1996): 3-11.
[5] Conklin, H.C. "The Study of Shifting Cultivation." Current Anthropology. Vol. 2, No. 1 (1961): 27-61.
[6] Giardina, C.P., R.L. Sanford Jr., I.C. Dockersmith, & V.J. Jamarillo. "The effects of slash burning on ecosystem nutrients during the land preparation phase of shifting cultivation." Plant and Soil. Vol. 220 (2000): 247-260.

In this paper we examine the effects of hot extrusion used as a secondary process in fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites (MMC's). A comprehensive study was made on the properties of MMCs after Hot extrusion process. It was found that most properties are superior as compared to cold extrusion. Properties including hardness, impact strength, tensile properties, residual stresses etc. were found to be better for most of the MMC's. The results are discussed with respective plots and reported.

Keywords -   Metal Matrix Composites, Hot Extrusion.

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One of the most important issues in the twenty first century has been the start of the globalization process in its broad dimensions. In this view, globalization is the cause of a situation where the boundaries are removed; the power of the governments in some areas decreases; social relations deepen and integrated in a way as if they occur in the same place .it seems far events can have impact on the events around us. Also, the globalization can deepen democracy, decrease political concealment among the political figures, and helps to clarify this area, and can underlie people's movements and the emergence of democratic revolution. Formation and evolution of new social movements, especially in less developed regions, mainly is the result of communication development and the masses awareness of social, political, economic and cultural conditions. In this paper we studied the role of new communication tools for new social movements since late 2010 in the Middle East and North Africa and the Arab world which is called "Arab Spring". In an overview of the new movements in the Arabic Middle East, we should say that although many factors in how to shape these movements can be traced, but based on this study, the most important factor involved in the formation and promotion of these movements is the role of new communication tools. The new tools, which are considered in the present study are, Internet, satellite and mobile phone.

Keywords – New Communication tools, New Social Movements, North of Africa, Arab Spring, Democracy.

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[4]. "Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and Twitter", This report is produced by DSG's Governance and Innovation Program and co-authored by Racha Mourtada and Fadi Salem, Arab Social Media Report, Vol. 1, No. 2 May 2011, available at:
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[1] R. Goswami, S.Sanyal, A.N.Sanyal, The Motor Cycle and Rider-Modeling and Analysis of the Control System, Internat ional
Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 10, October, 2012, pp 192-196.
[2] S. Sanyal, R.K.Barai, P.K. Chattopadhyay, R.N. Chakrabart i, Design of Compensator for a Hydrofoil Ship, Internat ional Journal
of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 9, September- 2012, pp 266-271.
[3] S. Sanyal, R.K.Barai, P.K. Chattopadhyay, R.N. Chakrabarti, Design of Att itude Control System of a Space Satellite,
Internat ional Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology, Vol. III, Issue II, April-June, 2012, pp 13-16.
[4] S. Sanyal, Some Studies on Remote Control and Coordinat ion of Mobile Devices, Doctoral Dissertat ion, Jadavpur University,
2012.
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Control (MTIC10), CIEM, Kolkata, March 11-12, 2010.
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Polymer composites containing metal oxides are new class of materials shows the enhanced properties and applications. Insitu polymerization by chemical oxidation of aniline is carried out for Polyaniline (PANI) and Polyaniline-In2O3 (PANI- In2O3) composite material. Different weight percentage of InO in PANI constitutes different PANI- In2O3 composite materials to know detailed changes. The structural changes of prepared composite materials were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) tool. Morphological study of Indium oxide, PANI and PANI-InO composites was studied by Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) tool. Bonding changes was observed by Infrared (IR) study. Structural, morphology and bonding variation is observed in PANI- In2O3 composite materials compared to pure indium oxide and PANI samples. Dielectric study of the composite materials is undertaken for its dielectric behavior. The study shows the variation of the dielectric behavior for different weight percentage composite materials..

Key Words:   Synthesis, Composites, Structure, Morphology, Polyaniline, In2O3

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[3]. J. Parrondo, R. Santhanam, F. Mijangos, B. Rambabu, Magnetic field effects in ferrocenealkane thiol self assembeled monolayer modified electrodes Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 5, 2010,1310-1317.
[4]. J. Arun kumar, P. Kalyani, R. Saravanan;, Studies on PEM fuel cell using various alcohols for low powerapplications, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 3, 2008, 961-968.
[5]. P. Zhao, T.Huang, K.Huang,; J. Phys. Chem. C ., 111, 2007, 12890-12896.
[6]. C. LI, D. Zhang, S. Han, X. Liu, T. Tang, B. Lei, Z. Liu, C. Zhou, Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Applications of Indium Oxide Nanowires, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.1006, 2003, 104–121.
[7]. R.W.G.Wyckoff,. Crystal Structures (Interscience, New York1968).
[8]. X Duan, C.M. Leber.. General synthesis of compound semiconductor nanowires, Adv. Mater. 12, 2000, 298–302.
[9]. X. Peng.. Synthesis and photoluminescence of single-crystalline In2O3 nanowires, J. Mater. Chem. 12, 2002, 1602–1605.
[10]. Devindrappa, U. V. S Rao, M. V. N Ambika Prasad, Study of dc conductivity and Battery application of PEO/PANI Composites J. Power sources., 155, 2006, 3689-3695.

Conducting polymers (Polyaniline) has received much attention because of its unique reversible proton doping, high electrical conductivity ease of preparation and low cost. Conducting polymer Composites are required in many engineering applications, especially electromagnetic compatibility. conducting polymer (PANI) and its composites are prepared by oxidation of aniline and the polyaniline composites were prepared by in situ polymerization method with dispersion of Lead oxide (PbO) and microwave properties such as the permittivity, return loss and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI-SE) of composites in the frequency range 8-12 GHz is discussed in this paper and the maximum EMI-SE is observed in 10 wt% PbO in PANI.

Key Words:   Polyaniline, Composites, Electromagnetic, microwave, shielding.

[1] V.J. Chen, M.S. Cao, T.H. Wang and Q Wan, "Microwave absorption properties of the ZnO
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[6] R.P. Pant, Chemical Co-precipitation, unpublished
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A large number of organic compounds are synthesized using 1, 3 dicarbonyls. Active methylene group at C2 position in the 1, 3 dicarbonyl compounds plays an important role in the synthesis of a variety of compounds. Synthesis of condensed (3, 6 and 9) and cyclised (4, 7and10) compounds using dimedone and different aldehydes. Synthesized condensed compounds 3, 6 and 9 having fused ring systems are further cyclized to yield compounds 4, 7and10 respectively. Synthesis of dioximes ligands (11, 12 and 13) from condensed (3, 6 and 9) respectively. Xanthenes widely used as dyes fluorescent materials for visualization of bio-molecules and laser technologies due to their useful spectroscopic properties1 all these compounds have been characterized by modern spectral techniques such as IR, 1HNMR, CMR, Mass etc. Evaluation of synthesized compounds (3,6,9 ), (4,7,10) and ((11, 12 and 13) for antimicrobial activity against specific bacterial strains like 1)Escherichia coli 2) Salmonella abony 3) Staphylococcus aureus and. Ligands 7,12,13 is found to be active in sterile water and in DMSO towards against Escherichia coli. Salmonella abony, and for Staphylococcus aureus.

Key Words:  Dimedone, Xanthenes, antibacterial activity

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